Saudi Arabia, Turkey and Pakistan have signed a joint defence pact creating a military alliance between the three Sunni Muslim countries.
“The pact was announced at a meeting between Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan and Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif in the Saudi city of Mecca,” the BBC reported Friday.
The “Mecca Joint Defence Agreement”, as it is officially called, contains a collective defence clause that would trigger a military response by signatory states if any of them faces an armed attack. According to the trilateral pact, “any armed attack against any one of the three States shall be regarded as an attack against them all.”
The agreement combines the oil wealth of Saudi Arabia with Turkey’s NATO-supplied military systems and Pakistan’s nuclear weapons arsenal. “In this defence relationship, Saudi Arabia brings the financial power and is one of the largest weapons purchasers. Turkey is the second-largest military force in Nato, with an advanced defence production capacity, while Pakistan has nuclear weapons,” the BBC added.
Reuters reported:
Saudi Arabia, Pakistan and Turkey signed a joint defence agreement in Mecca on Friday, wedding Sunni Muslim U.S. allies alarmed at a regional conflagration that has rained missile fire onto Gulf oil exporters.Iran and its allies have been firing on Saudi Arabia and other Gulf states, and blockading their energy shipments, since the U.S. and Israel attacked it on February 28 in a major escalation after years of regional tumult.The agreement is intended to strengthen collective deterrence against any act of aggression and stipulates that an armed attack against any of the three would be regarded as an attack on all, they said in a joint statement.While the statement did not give specifics on the commitments or obligations each had accepted under the “Mecca Joint Defence Agreement”, it said the pact was aimed at strengthening their collective security and promoting peace, security and stability in the region and beyond.”The pact includes a collective defence clause. It is purely defensive in nature, pledging mutual support only for defence,” a Turkish official said. The agreement was not directed against any specific actor, was open to other regional countries, and did not abrogate or replace any existing bilateral or multilateral arrangements, the official added.
The pact provides Erdogan’s Turkey with a nuclear shield as it expands its sphere of influence across the Middle East. Ankara, while occupying northern Cyprus and acting hostile towards fellow NATO member Greece, wants to acquire around 40 U.S.-made F-35 fighter jets.
In recent months, Turkey has repeatedly threatened Israel. In June, country’s Interior Minister Mustafa Çiftçi, boasted that the Turkish military was capable of invading Israel and capturing Jerusalem, invoking Turkey’s Ottoman imperial past. “As we have seen the liberation of Damascus, Aleppo and Karabakh, God willing, we will one day see the liberation of Jerusalem,” the Turkish minister claimed. “These places will again be ours, under our rule and authority, because we have a world-class leader like Erdoğan.”
Erdogan himself threatened Israel with war. “Just as we entered Karabakh [in the 2020 Azerbaijan-Armenia war], just as we entered Libya, we will do the same to them,” the Turkish president declared in April 2026.
The Erdogan regime is not limiting itself to bellicose rhetoric. Turkey’s growing military presence in neighbouring Syria poses a serious threat to Israel. The regime has been trying to occupy military and air force bases abandoned by the former Assad regime.
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